First estimations of the aerosol optical thickness using Langley Method at Southern Brazil (29.4°S, 53.8°W)

The first estimations of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) using Langley Method at Southern Space Observatory (SSO) at Southern Brazil (29.4°S, 53.8°W) are presented. In addition to ozone and sulphur dioxide columns, AOT can be obtained using Brewer Spectrophotometer at specific wavelengths: 306.3, 310.1, 313.5, 316.8 and 320.1 nm. The AOT was obtained for the period from November/2002 to May/2003. Very low AOT averages were obtained, whose values were about 0.21 ± 0.03 at 306.3 nm, 0.21 ± 0.02 at 310.1 nm, 0.19 ± 0.02 at 313.5 nm, 0.20 ± 0.02 at 316.8 nm and 0.20 ± 0.02 at 320.0 nm for all period analysed. Different behaviour of AOT were obtained at two daily specific periods of aerosol accumulation, one in the afternoons from November/2002 to February/2003, caused mainly by a mild biomass burning season’s in the region and other in the mornings from March to May/2003, due the high relative humidity presented in the region studied.     

沉井技术在码头改造工程中的应用

沉井依靠自重消除刃脚阻力和外壁摩擦力下沉,本文对该项工艺的下沉、纠偏、挖土、封底主要技术问题进行介绍。     

射线检测厚度宽容度的分析与测定

厚度宽容度是变截面工件射线检测的重要参数。本文分析了典型工件的厚度差,以及不同灵敏度级别的厚度宽容度。应用胶片特性曲线、曝光曲线,从实验角度测量了厚度宽容度,并对结果作了分析和讨论。     

蓄冰盘管冰层厚度测量及管外蓄冰性能实验

提出了一种新型简便的冰层厚度测量方法,该方法用测量冰层内温度分布的方法间接测量冰层动态厚度及冰层的相界面生长规律。对蓄冰盘管外结冰过程的实验研究表明,测量方法可靠,具有较高的测量精度;实验发现,蓄冰盘管外上部冰层生长较快,而下部冰层生长较慢,而在实验参数范围内管内乙二醇水溶液流量对冰层生长速度影响不大。     

一种改进的翼型设计方法

本文将翼型的设计问题转化成多元函数求极值问题来求解,提出了一种改进的翼型设计方法,可用于考虑粘性影响时的亚临界翼型设计。     

受激光控制分解式固体微推力器内流动特性研究

建立了描述激光控制分解式固体微推力器内流动特性的计算模型,对激光微推力器内流动进行了数值计算,计算值与实验结果吻合较好。分析了气体粘性和压强对激光微推力器内流动特性的影响。结果表明,微推力器内流动受低压、小尺寸的综合影响,喷管喉径小于0.8 mm时,气体粘性对推力器性能影响显著增强;提高推力器内压强是减小粘性影响的一种有效手段。     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

变厚度锥形壳的固有频率

 变厚度锥形壳体的固有频率使用有限元计算已无困难,但有限元法编制程序复杂、费时多。本文用半解析法,由锥形壳的基本方程导出等价的8个一阶微分方程,用数值积分方法得到变厚度锥形壳体的固有频率。方法简单,编程容易,计算精度已满足工程计算要求。     

零件纵向厚度的计算方法

在用车床加工空心旋转体零件时，通过测量我们可以得出外轮廓曲线，但根据零件的设计技术要求，不同点处的法向厚度不同，因此在用车床加工时需要计算出各点的纵向厚度。本文给出了根据法向厚度及外曲线计算纵向厚度的方法．该方法简单、可靠，易于计算，而且由此方法计算的结果应用到实际加工时，效果非常好，该方法实用性强，易于推广使用。     

大尺寸复杂筒状铝合金精铸件浇注系统设计方法研究

研究大尺寸复杂筒状铝合金精铸件浇注系统的设计方法,通过对三种具有筒状结构的大尺寸复杂铝合金精密铸件的浇铸系统设计和浇注试验,研制出冶金质量和力学性能合格的铸件.结果表明,缝隙式浇注系统或缝隙式与底注式相结合的浇注系统是该类铸件比较理想的浇铸系统设计方式.